Bits and Pieces

• tonoko 砥の粉 - powdered claystone used to fill out the bore
• urushi 漆 - lacquer made from tree sap
• utaguchi - blowing edge at the top of the flute

Flutes

• chokan - "long pipes", shakuhachi longer than 2.4 shaku
  
• jinashi 地無し - flute made without paste in the bore
  
• jiari 地塗り - flute made with paste in the bore
• hitoyogiri - predecessor to the shakuhachi
  
• hocchiku 法竹 - Watazumi-do's name for a large jinashi bamboo flute
• kyotaku - "false bell", name coined by Tani Kyochiku
• nobekan - one piece flute (not cut in half)
  

Schools

• Fuke shu - zen religous sect from long ago
• Internal Shakuhachi Kenshukan - school started by Katsuya Yokoyama
• Kinko ryu - school started by Kurosawa Kinko (1710-1771)
• Kinpu ryu - Fuke Shu Nezasa-ha Sect founded by Kesshu Kanga
• Komuso 虚無僧 - "priests of nothingness", now disbanded
• Myoan 明菴 - originally associated with Myoanji temple (also pronounced/spelled Meian)
  
• Nezasa Ha 根笹 - "Bamboo Grass Sect"
  
• Tozan ryu - school started by Nakao Tozan (1876-1956)
• Zensabo - "Zen Tea Room", Atsuya Okuda
  

Genres

• dokyuko - music arranged by Watazumi-do
  
• gagaku 雅楽 - imperial court music
  
• gaikyoku - "outside pieces", pieces that are not honkyoku
  
• sankyuko - ensemble music for trio of shamisen, koto, and shakuhachi
  
• honkyoku 本曲 - "original pieces", original komuso pieces
  
• koten 古典 - "classical", as in Koten Honkyoku
• minyo - folk music
• shinkyoku - new pieces, used mostly to describe early post Meiji era compositions influenced by western music

Performance techniques

• ma 間 - spaces or pauses between notes and phrases; also the overall feeling of a phrase

More

• International Shakuhachi Society's Glossary
  
• Shakuhachizen.com's Glossary